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Original title: Qi Yongxiang talks about the Qianlong and Jiaqing examinations. Visitor: Qi Yongxiang
Source: Peng Pai News
Qi Yongxiang’s portrait of a silence
The Qianlong and Jiaqing examinations were learned from the Qing Dynasty, and the Qianlong and Jiaqing examinations were the most distinctive. However, since the late Qing Dynasty, it has always been criticized and even claimed that the Qing Dynasty was dead. In the past few decades, the academic community’s understanding of Qianjia and Jiaqing studies has changed. How to deal with the academic excellence of Qianjiajia University and its connection with Chinese traditional civilization and academic practice? The Department of Chinese Studies in Beijing and the Research on Chinese Ancient Literature in Beijing, Qi Yongxiang, taught specializing in the Qing Dynasty examination. The latest book “Qianjia Examination Research” (added book). During the interview with reporters of “Shanghai Book Review”, Professor Qi Yongxiang pointed out: Our research on Qianjia Examination, at most, in terms of data possession and the depth of academic research, is much greater than the previous price, but the evaluation of Qianjia Examination is still under the light of “major effect” in the late Qing Dynasty, which is worthy of self-reflection.
“Qianjia Examination Research” (added book), written by Qi Yongxiang, Beijing Daxue Bookstore, July 2020 edition, 548 pages, 110.00 yuan
Peng Pai News:Ordinary people are talking about href=”https://twsugargirl.org/”>Long-term maintenanceWhen Qianjia studies, the definition of it is often more ambiguous. Can you briefly introduce your definition of Qianjia studies first.
Qi Yongxiang: When talking about “taking exams”, people often either say it very recklessly and secretly, or they disdain it. In fact, from the perspective of the historical history of our country, the study, the study of pre-Qin dynasties, two Han schools, Wei Xuan, Sutra of the Sutra of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and Song and Ming dynasties respectively represent the characteristics of their times. Because they were developed in the Qianlong to Jiaqing period, they were called “Qianjia Examination”.
Examination refers to the traditional ancient ChineseThe study of the study includes the collection, examination and discussion of ancient Chinese literature. It includes text, sound, training, catalog, version, proofreading, identification, editing, annotation, famous and material system, day, metal and stone, earth, official, avoidance, and rituals, etc. As for whether the term “examination” must be used to name it, students in the Qing Dynasty had strong arguments, including the theory of learning, practice, Han, investigation, examination, examination, mathematics, and the system of famous objects. For example, Jiao Xun, Huang Di Zizhen and others believed that the term “study” is enough to summarize. In recent ancient people, they often called it Qianjia School or Qianjia School. Of course, if life is compared to a different study and can be missed by the school exam, it can be called a broad study, and it is not impossible.
The most powerful driving force in examining is to guide and sing first with traditional elementary school. In primary school, it is extremely stressful, which is comparable to a developer. The reason why there are few students in Qianjiajiazhai exams and investors are afraid to avoid them is that they do not have the basic skills of elementary school. This old car cannot be developed, let alone library price ptt is about to be on the road. Therefore, the masters hid far away and pointed at the point, saying that the car was old and broken, and should have been cut short by history, and then they turned on some fashionable trots that looked glossy.
Peng Pai News: From the late Qing Dynasty to the 70th year of the last century, there were quite strong criticisms about the Qianlong and Jiajia exams, and even a trend of notoriousness. These criticisms are both theoretical and historical situations. In your opinion, why do there are so many criticisms? How would you tell them?
Qi Yongxiang:The word “examination” has been linked to “backwardness”, “revolution”, “movement”, “fraud”, and “fraud”, and even the reason why the Qing Dynasty destroyed the country and was beaten was found in the examination, and it was believed that the Qing Confucian walled training and investigation was carried out, which led to our failure to invent aircraft cannons, and we were eventually defeated by foreign guns and humiliated the country. What’s the point.
Looking at the glance, the two least welcome short-term dynasties in history are the Qin Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty; there are also two dynasties with the most names, namely the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. The so-called “no China after Yashan” is popular on the Internet. The reason why the Qin and Sui dynasties were regarded as tyrannical is that, in addition to the fact that they had tyrannical factors, they did not have the history of the dynasty, and no one sang their merits and virtues for them was also the main reason; while the denial and contempt of the Yuan and Qing dynasties was closely related to their political power.
About the interim academic practice, the treatment received by the Qianlong and Jiaqing examinations was comparable to that of the Qing Dynasty and was mutually burdened by each other. Therefore, the least recognized academic and the least identified dynasty appear in the same timeIt was very sad, and it turned into a double denial, but this double denial was not necessarily positively converted to certainty, but a few times the number of times doubled.
When the Qing Dynasty was in a desperate situation, what it faced was not the simple work of changing the dynasty since the Qing Dynasty in Chinese history – the Yi surname King Yi. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, at most two changes were not caused by the past: first, the Oriental invasion was large and large, and China was in the face of the destruction of the country, and the conflicts between the common people and the level were fierce and growing. Second, traditional social movements were about to collapse, and social politics, economy and ideological conditions were all at the corners of turning. Therefore, before and after this special re-education, the Qing court suffered more attacks than any period of the country’s demise, and it was suitable for a few ethnic groups in a corner of the northeast to rule Huaxia, so the artillery fire was even more intense. The Qing people, exiled people, anti-feudalists, anti-strong invaders, rebels, rebels, learners and even popularists. They all think that the Qing court is a revenge and must be eliminated so quickly.
The anti-Qing and simplified arguments, in the academic world, are to pick up the old topic of “academic misunderstanding” and add new content, such as the early Qing Dynasty criticized the Song Dynasty for rest. During her nap, she had a dream. The wise learning of the emptiness of the country led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty, and blamed the backwardness and excitement of the Qing Dynasty on the advocacy of the scholars. The website manager said that he would return to the ancient times and learn that he was not beneficial to the country without asking about the country. For the needs of anti-Qing, the anti-Qing must be fully discharged. When the full and full, the clearing room must be fully discharged. When the clearing room is also dispelled, the destructive nature and cruel nature of the banned books and texts are revealed, and this naturally involves the banned books and texts to study together, which promotes the excitement of the study is the result of the students’ forced living and living papers, so that the two form a certain causal relationship. It started with the people of Long Zhizhen, Wei Yuan, Zeng Guofan and others, and later confirmed it by Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao, Zhang Binglin, Liu Shipei, Yu Mu, Lu Xun and others, and then it became a consensus and was believed by the whole country. In fact, at that time, out of the need to be fully anti-Qing and exile, Liu Shipei used the word “Guanghan” and wrote the famous work “Distinguishing the Common People Not Chinese Ministers” and other articles. This kind of ethnic limitation of “The Han people are unique” is absent and has too much language. Therefore, they cannot objectively and fairly explore the relationship between Qing Dynasty academic and politics, nor can they fairly evaluate Qing Dynasty academic and academic.
Foreign scholars such as Chen Yinke and Meng Sen also raised doubts about the “high-pressure statement of civilization” and believed that the reason for the weak history of the Qing Dynasty “must be for the reason”; and the martial arts and talents of the Qing Dynasty are all worthy of view. “The Qing history in history,Self href=”https://tw94lovedaddy.net/”>Breeding software When the Occupy China’s history was a prosperous dynasty, it should