requestId:68499a97812542.61503966.
The Three Confucian scholars in the Qing Dynasty, Qianlong and Jiaqing periods
Author: Qi Longwei
Source: “Yangzhou Major Research. Humanities and Social Sciences Edition”
Time: Confucius was the 22nd year of the 2567th year of Bingsun Bingwu
Jeho January 19, 2017
Content summary:This article analyzes the academic thoughts of Jiao Xun, Ruan Yuan and Ling Tingkan, and explains that the Qianlong and Jiaqing school in the Qing Dynasty was a world-class study created against the “empty discussion of mind and nature” of Song and Ming dynasties. First, there was the Wu faction with Huiqi as the important representative; what followed was the Anhui faction with Dai Zhen as the important representative; and the Yangzhou faction with Jiao Xun, Ruan Yuan and Ling Tingkan as the important representative. The Wu School focused on reviving the Han people’s training and formed Hanxue. The Anhui faction led the training to understand the ways of Confucius and Mencius. The Yangzhou school advocates that the guidance is oriented towards personnel and practical. The three are combined and form the original state of the Qianjia School. Its characteristic is that it advocates learning in a practical way. Later generations conclude that Qian and Jiaqing study was Han, or the subject of the study was considered as an examination, which was not a discussion.
Keywords: Qianjia School/Yangzhou School/Jiao Xun/Ruan Yuan/Ling Tingkan/
When viewing the academic mainstream of the previous dynasties, it will always be difficult to avoid decline from prosperity to decline and from decline to decline. The important reason is that academics must conform to the human and practical reality. The cooperation is happy, otherwise it will decline, and it will change. Before Western learning, the most useful way to change in our academic circle was “returning to the Six Paths”. From the late Ming and early Qing dynasties to the Qianlong and Jiajia dynasties, the above-mentioned “destructive changes” rules were once again expressed. First, Yan Yanwu shouted “Studying means studying” to illustrate the disadvantages of Ji Shidao’s “empty discussion of the mind and nature”. By the late Qian and Jiao Jiao period, Jiao Xun raised his arms again. Chang Yan had studied it without any study, so he could compare the loss of Han learning. Those who correspond to Jiao’s slab drums include Ruan Yuan and Ling Tingkan. Jiao and Ruan were both from Yangzhou. Ling Tingkan, a native of Hui, once served as a residence in the Yanzhou Province. He had close contacts with Jiao Xun, Ruan Yuan and others. He grew up under the cultivation of the Yanzhou civilization. Therefore, the authors also regarded him as a scholar. Zoanalysis of the Three Confucianisms changes the study to understand the historical position of learning.
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The Qian and Jiaqing students said that the way of governance was summarized by Confucius and Mencius, and the study was not as prosperous as Han. However, the Confucians of Han were able to learn the truth. Since Wei and Han, their study was already obscured, and the Confucians of Qing Dynasty began to recover their true meaning. At that time, Du Chang said this. Volume 24 of “The Collection of Literatures and Essays”, “Preface to the Book of Documents and Essays” says: “The Confucian scholars say that they follow family laws and practice and communicate., the purpose of approaching is not to be eliminated. Since the reign of emptiness and silence in the past, Song Qin was happy to understand and smiled and asked about learning as a backbone, discarding and spoiling as dross, talking about the family of writing, and using the teacher’s heart to describe classics with vulgar words… The ancient teachings were not talked about, and they were very harmful to the sages! “The book “Zang Yulin’s Identity and Confucianism PrefaceBaocai Sweetheart Network” says: “The dynasty’s common scholars, such as Guingtinglin, Chen Liutao, Guan Baipo, and Huitian Mu, began to study ancient times and study Qin’s training, and obtained the truth of meaning from words, voices, and training. “So Jiang Fan and others named “Hanxue”. Volume 7 of “The Confession of the Han Chinese Students of the Kingdom” and “Wang Zhong” says: “Your ruled the ancestral Han Chinese students and said that the Confucian scholars of the Kingdom of China emerged, and after more than two thousand years of diligence, the common Confucian scholars such as Jian Ningren, Jing Baifeng, Mei Dingjiu, Hu Liming, Hui Dingyu, Dai Dongyuan, all of whom went to the fore. The pavilion forest begins to open its end; the Hetuluo Book reaches the Hu family and is divided; the middle and west steps reach the Mei family and is refined; those who have strongly attacked ancient literature are the Gu family; those who specialize in the Han “Yi” are Hui family; and those who come out of Dongyuan and gather together are formed. “The Preface to the Conclusion of the Chinese School Teachers of the Kingdom of China” says: “Increasing feelings The practice has been damaged by the Qing talks in the West; it has been damaged by the Taoism of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties; since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, this Tao has become more obscure. By this dynasty, the three-hui school was prosperous in Wuzhong, and Jiang Yong and Dai Zhenyu started in She. From here, Han learned to be prosperous and bright, and the haze was restored. “However, Dai Zhen’s learning and Huiqi are actually different. Dai’s family is not like Wye’s learning “resurrecting Han” as the peak of learning, because Han Confucianism also had many mistakes in his teachings. “Dai Dongyuan Collection” Volume 9, “With a Book of Some Books”: “The Han Confucianism has been taught by teachers, and sometimes he is also a member of the Fuhui.” “Dai Zhen used his voice to be famous for the way of Confucius and Mencius. He not only opposed the Song people’s words of Yu Kong, but also criticized them for supporting Lao Buddha and entering Confucianism. Therefore, the essence of Dai’s works was not the “Dialects and Verses” written by the old man, but the “Mencius of Mencius” that criticized Cheng Zhu’s “killing people with reason”. But the “Mencius of Mencius” During the late Qianlong and Jiaqing periods, most people in the intellectual world took the word and sentence of the rupture of the branch as a separate subject in their studies, as the poem “The Topic of Jiaoshan and Acacia” said, “I will consider the exams of the miscellaneous matters, and strengthen the rats and become paths.” This made the academic and human ethics severely disperse the daily life of Dai Zhen. In the book “Mencius of Mencius’s word “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “, “,The three Confucian scholars of the state rose up in conjunction with each other, striving to comprehend the shortcomings of the Han learning, and continued to criticize the empty talk of the Song and Ming dynasties, and continuously push forward the world-oriented learning created by Yanwu and o